refers to how resources should be allocated among individuals with competing needs or claims. This is both thought of on a macro level (how should the state’s oil revenues be spent?), but also on a micro level (how should the resources of two business partners be distributed when they decide to split up?).
refers to reparation of emotional and material harms caused to an individual (and also society), as well as increasing future compliance with the law (did a victim of a violent crime get compensation for the monetary damages, including hospital costs and an apology from the offender?)
refers to undoing illegitimate losses and gains through bilateral and direct vindication (if someone purposely wrecks someone else’s car, he has to give him proportionate compensation).
refers to appropriately punishing a wrongdoer. It deals with questions about, for instance, what punishment is proportionate for the loss and pain a violent offender inflicted on a victim.
refers to reconciliation and deterrence, learning to live with one another, and continuing to do so in the future (how can the relationship of two people who divorce be shaped in such a way that they can harmoniously live together in the future?)
refers to receiving an explanation or justification about the outcome (to what extent does a judge give a clear and logical justification of the decision he arrives at?).
refers to putting the focus on the practical consequences of an outcome (how can a win-win outcome be created by an employee who gets dismissed and his employer?).
refers to equal application of general rules and the transparency of such (does a personal injury victim receive compensation that is equal to the compensation of a similarly injured other?).
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